Unsurprisingly, that has created pressures in the UK and Ireland to adopt a more protectionist attitude pressures which would be drastically reduced by a fully free immigration policy. 这给英国和爱尔兰造成了压力:要求采取更具保护主义色彩的政策,这并不令人感到意外而完全自由的移民政策将会大幅减少这种压力。
One answer is that it is a protectionist policy. 答案之一是:这是一种保护主义政策。
Once again imbalances are part of the story, with a protectionist, high-saving China pursuing an exchange rate policy that threatens to generate a current account surplus of close to$ 400bn this year. 失衡再次扮演了它的角色,其中,持贸易保护主义态度、高储蓄率的中国所遵循的汇率政策,今年可能产生近4000亿美元的经常账户盈余。
This is a fearful world in which geopolitical risk, competitive devaluations and protectionist pressure could bring a descent into intractable deflation and long-depressed yields in the absence of robust policy. 这是一个令人担心的世界:若不出台强有力的政策,地缘政治风险、竞争性货币贬值和贸易保护主义压力,可能让经济滑向难以消除的通缩和长期的低收益率。
Theoretic Analysis on Protectionist Trade Policy 关于贸易保护政策选择的理论分析
The agricultural product trade policy made by the European common Market to serve the common agricultural policy is a protectionist policy. 欧共体制定的服务于共同农业政策的农产品贸易政策是一种保护性贸易政策。
But the protectionist policy has become regular, and the gap between International Trade Theory and economic reality is always a big problem for the present world economics. 但是现实中贸易保护却成为常态,国际贸易理论与经济现实之间的差距始终是困扰经济学界的一个难题。
Secondly, foreign trade policy transformation including protectionist policy to free trade policy transformation and foreign trade policy during New Deal. Thirdly, foreign trade policy characteristic, including from export of commodities to export of capital and from plan adjustment to release lever adjustment. 其次,对外贸易政策的转变,其中包括保护贸易政策向自由贸易政策的转变,新政时期的外贸政策。再次,对外贸易政策的特征。其中包括从商品输出到资本输出,从计划调节到杠杆调节。
In particular, the strong political overtones and trade protectionist tendencies in application of anti-dumping policy to China, made the relevant Chinese enterprises suffer deep. 特别需要提及的是,欧盟在对华适用反倾销政策时的浓厚政治色彩和贸易保护主义倾向,使得中国相关企业受害颇深。
Secondly, protected trade theory and protectionist policy. It includes mercantilism and protectionist policy, tariff protecion theory and protection policy, weak industrial protection theory and protection policy, new mercantilism and protective measures. 其次,对保护贸易理论与保护贸易政策的研究,主要有重商主义与保护贸易政策,关税保护理论与保护政策,幼稚产业保护理论与保护政策,新重商主义与保护措施。
At the first, the causes and rationale of protectionist policy, including British mercantilism policy fetter, features of agriculture in colonial and mercantilism theory. 首先,保护贸易政策的起因和理论基础。包括英国重商主义政策的束缚,殖民地农业的特点,重商主义的理论。
The most frequently used sugar market protectionist policy tools are tariff quotas, domestic support and production subsidies and export subsidies. 保护食糖业最经常使用的政策工具是关税和配额、国内支持和生产补贴以及出口补贴。